Environmental and economic assessment of decentralized bioenergy and biorefinery networks treating urban biowaste

•A decentralized network of biorefineries treating urban biowaste is assessed.•The biorefinery network mitigates the global warming potential by -1983 kg CO2 eq.•The economic benefits of the system can reach up to 491€ per ton waste treated.•Collection with e-bikes performs better environmentally while increases labor cost.•Resilient and optimized biowaste management can support low carbon economies.