Are landscape approaches possible under authoritarianism? Multi-stakeholder governance and social transformation in Myanmar

•Existing principles for multifunctional Landscape Approaches are overoptimistic.•Ideal speech conditions and public trust are unlikely under authoritarianism.•Stakeholder identities and concerns change under socio-environmental transformations.•Multi-stakeholder governance needs to acknowledge structural causes of inequality.•Landscape Approaches should deemphasize universal principles and emphasize context.