Thermal Physiological Performance and Therma Metabolic Scope of the Whelk Kelletia kelletii (Forbes, 1850) (Gastropoda: Neptuneidae) Acclimated to Different Temperatures

Investigations of thermal limits are crucial to understanding climate change ecology because it illuminates how climate will shape future species distributions. This work determined the preferred temperature, critical threshold limits represented by the Critical Thermal Maximum (CTMax) and (CTMin), thermal window, oxygen consumption rate and thermal metabolic scope of Kelletia kelletii acclimated to 13, 16.0, 19.0 and 22.0 +/- 1 degrees C to determine if this species is sensitive to global warming. The preferred temperature (PT) of Kellet's whelk was determined using the acute method. The acclimation temperature significantly affected the thermal preference of the marine snail (P < 0.05) and increased from 13.2 to 24.2 degrees C as the acclimation temperature increased from 13.0 to 22.0 degrees C. The PT was 13.4 degrees C. The acclimation temperature did not significantly affect the CTMax (P > 0.05), obtaining a range of 29.2 to 30.2 degrees C. The CTMin had an interval of 9.2 degrees C, at acclimation temperatures of 13 to 16 degrees C, and increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 12.3 degrees C in the acclimation interval of 19-22 degrees C. The thermal window for the different acclimation temperatures was 163.5 degrees C-2. The oxygen consumption rate of the snails increased significantly (P < 0.05) when the acclimation temperature increased from 13.0 to 22.0 degrees C, peaking at 63.6 mg of 0(2) kg(-1) h(-1) w.w. in snails maintained at the highest acclimation temperature. The thermal metabolic scope increased significantly (P < 0.05) when the acclimation temperature was 13.0 degrees C, with values of 68.7 mg 0(2) h(-1) kg(-1) w.w., then decreased significantly (P < 0.05) to 27.9 mg 0(2) h(-1) kg(-1) w.w at 32 degrees C. Therefore, the thermal aerobic scope was highest at the temperatures that K. kelletii preferred. These results may partially explain their pattern of distribution on the Baja California coast.