Users' Knowledge and Self Medications in Relation to Gastric Problems among Adults in a Middle Income Country; Jordan

Background Self-medication of upper digestive symptoms is common in middle-income countries. The study aimed to investigate user's knowledge, reasons for use, and utilization patterns of self-medication for gastric problems in Jordan (a middle-income country). Also it aimed to investigate herbal and antibiotics use for treatment of symptoms associated with gastric discomfort. Methods A cross-sectional validated survey was used. A sample of 2000 adults were targeted, 1545 participated in the study (response rate = 77.25%). Participants were recruited at different settings, in different areas of Amman. Data were collected between April and July 2017. SPSS for Windows version 16 was used for statistical analysis. Results Heartburn was the main symptom for the perception of gastrointestinal problems (19.3%). Of the participants suffering heartburn (45%) substituted over the counter-medication for professional consultation. Substitution was less in participants with comorbidity, and history of upper gastrointestinal disorder. Some participants (43.8%) believed that herbs relieved the symptoms. Antibiotic consumption in relation to relieving gastrointestinal symptoms among university students was more in science and health colleges than others (p-value < .05). Conclusion Substitution of over-the-counter medication for professional consultation occurs in Jordan. Enforcing regulation and awareness regarding safe self-medication of over-the-counter medications is needed.