Effect of multiple parameters on the supersonic gas-jet target characteristics for laser wakefield acceleration

The supersonic gas-jet target is an important experimental target for laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA), which has great potential for driving novel radiation sources such as betatron radiation and Compton scattering gamma rays. According to different electron acceleration requirements, it is necessary to provide specific supersonic gas jets with different density profiles to generate electron beams with high quality and high repetition rates. In this study, the interference images and density profiles of different gas-jet targets were obtained through a modified Nomarski interference diagnosis system. The relationships between the gas density and back pressure, nozzle structure, and other key parameters were studied. Targets with different characteristics are conducive to meeting the various requirements of LWFA.