Advanced Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy for Battery Studies

As a powerful tool for chemical compositional analyses, electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) can reveal an abundance of information regarding the atomic-level electron state in a variety of materials, including the elemental types as well as their valence and concentration distributions, and the structure-related atom radial distribution. Benefiting from its unique capabilities and the newly developed advanced transmission electron microscope (TEM) configurations (i.e., in situ bias, in situ heating, cryo-TEM, etc.), EELS has facilitated the battery studies in various aspects. Here, a brief introduction of EELS is provided. Thereafter, a description of the recent progress in studying battery materials using EELS is provided, and finally a look ahead on the future development of EELS techniques and their applications in battery studies is provided.