Comparison Of Prostate Cancer Detection Rates Of Cognitive Fusion-Targeted Biopsy And Standard Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate whether there is a difference between standard prostate needle biopsies and cognitive fusion prostate biopsies (classical 12-core plus 2 cognitive lesions) for any prostate cancer or clinically significant prostate cancer (CSPCa) detection rates.Materials and Methods: The records of 340 patients who underwent standard transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy (TRUS-SB) and cognitive targeted biopsy (COG-TB) between June 2015 and January 2020 at our institute were retrospectively reviewed and included in the study. There were 185 patients in the TRUS-SB (12-core) group and 155 patients in the COG-TB (12-core + 2 lesions) group. Patients undergoing COG-TB underwent 3-T multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging before the biopsy procedure and were evaluated with the prostate imaging reporting and data system version 2. The rates of any prostate cancer and CSPCa were compared between groups.Results: The patient mean ages were determined as 64.02 +/- 5.15 and 64.41 +/- 3.93 years for the TRUS-SB and COG-TABLO groups, respectively. Any prostate cancer was detected in 38/185 patients (20.54%) in the TRUS-SB group, and 44/155 patients (28.38%) in the COG-TB group. CSPCa rates were determined as 57.80% (22/38 patients), and 56.8% (25/44) for the TRUS-SB and COG-TB groups, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding cancer (p=0.092) and CSPCa detection rates (p=0.843).Conclusion: In our study, no significant difference was found between the overall prostate cancer and clinically important prostate cancer detection rates between the TRUS-SB and COG-TB groups.