Sequentially Slot-Die-Coated Perovskite For Efficient And Scalable Solar Cells

Development of industrially relevant thin-film deposition processes is a necessity for upscaling the perovskite solar cell technology to commercial product-level. This work reports on a sequential deposition method for state-of-the art triple cation perovskite by slot-die coating. During this two-step process, first, a layer of lead iodide mixed with cesium iodide is deposited, followed by applying the organic cations on top, inducing conversion to perovskite during a second slot-die coating step. By carefully tuning the ink composition and the deposition parameters, uniform perovskite layers of 5 x 10 cm(2) are obtained. Power conversion efficiencies up to 19% for small laboratory solar cells adopting a planar device configuration and up to 15.2% for mini-modules with an aperture area of 12 cm(2) are presented. These values are among the highest efficiencies achieved in the literature for slot-die-coated perovskite.