Time-Resolved Characterization Of Pm10 Emissions From Modern Small Scale Biomass Combustion Units, Including Pahs

This study comprises the results obtained during seven combustion tests conducted with two small scale biomass combustion appliances, typical for the Austrian market. Gaseous and particulate emissions were analyzed. Gas emission sampling was done according to the standard stove testing procedure. Particulate matter (PM), in contrast, was sampled on filters with 5 minute time resolution in order to show the differences in emission formation during various combustion phases. Carbon parameters, major inorganic ions, anhydrosugars and 18 different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in the collected PM. The relations between gaseous and particulate emissions were examined. Both gaseous and particulate matter emissions showed the same trend with peaks during the start-up and stove reloading phase, correlated with decrease of the combustion temperature, however only weak correlations were found directly between temperature, and different emission types. The PM10 emission factors varied between 20 and 511 mg/Nm (3) with an average at 103 mg/Nm(3) (equal to around 62 mg/MJ). PM10 consisted predominantly of carbonaceous matter. The PAH emissions ranged between 0.009 and 1.6 mg/Nm(3) and correlates with organic and elemental carbon in the particulate matter. Variable emissions of different PAH classes during combustion period let suppose that their formation is driven by variable factors.