Cryogenic- And Flow-Modulation Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry: Obtaining Similar Chromatography Performances

In the present research, similar chromatography fingerprints were obtained using finely-tuned cryogenic-modulation (CM) and flow-modulation (FM) comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCxGC-MS) experimental conditions. The CM applications were carried out by using a loop-type modulator while the FM ones were performed using a seven-port wafer chip. The CM GCxGC-MS column combination consisted of a low-polarity 30 m x 0.25 mm i.d. x 0.25-mu m d(f) column and a mid-polarity 1.5 m x 0.25 mm i.d. x 0.25-mu m d(f) one. With regard to the FM GCxGC-MS column combination, the same stationary phases were used, coated on a 20 m x 0.18 mm i.d. x 0.18-mu m d(f) column and a 5 m x 0.32 mm i.d. x 0.25-mu m d(f) one. A mixture of 64 cosmetic allergens was employed to measure different chromatography parameters, such as peak widths, resolution, and signal-to-noise ratios. It is noteworthy that the FM combination of columns has been proposed as a standard column set, and the results herein reported confirm those previously attained (on a sample of bio-oil) in recent research.