Regulation of osteoarthritis development by ADAM17/Tace in articular cartilage

Introduction A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (Adam17), also known as TNFα-converting enzyme (Tace), is a membrane-anchored protein involved in shedding of TNF, IL-6 receptor, ligands of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and Notch receptor. This study aimed to examine the role of Adam17 in adult articular cartilage and osteoarthritis (OA) pathophysiology. Materials and methods Adam17 expression was examined in mouse knee joints during OA development. We analyzed OA development in tamoxifen-inducible chondrocyte-specific Adam17 knockout mice of a resection of the medial meniscus and medial collateral ligament (medial) model, destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model, and aging model. We analyzed downstream pathways by in vitro experiments, and further performed intra-articular administration of an Adam17 inhibitor TAPI-0 for surgically induced mouse OA. Results Adam17 expression in mouse articular cartilage was increased by OA progression. In all models, Adam17 knockout mice showed ameliorated progression of articular cartilage degradation. Adam17 knockout decreased matrix metallopeptidase 13 (Mmp13) expression in both in vivo and in vitro experiments, whereas Adam17 activation by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) increased Mmp13 and decreased aggrecan in mouse primary chondrocytes. Adam17 activation enhanced release of soluble TNF and transforming growth factor alpha, a representative EGF ligand, from mouse primary chondrocytes, while it did not change release of soluble IL-6 receptor or nuclear translocation of Notch1 intercellular domain. Intra-articular administration of the Adam17 inhibitor ameliorated OA progression. Conclusions This study demonstrates regulation of OA development by Adam17, involvement of EGFR and TNF pathways, and the possibility of Adam17 as a therapeutic target for OA.