Effect of Schneiderian membrane integrity on bone formation in sinus augmentation: An experimental study in rabbits

Aim To assess the effect of Schneiderian membrane (SM) perforation on bone formation by applying a particulate deproteinized bovine bone mineral (PBBM). Materials and methods Bilateral sinus augmentation was performed in eight rabbits. The same amount of PBBM was placed at a sinus where the SM was intentionally perforated for the perforation group (standardized to 3 mm diameter) and the other sinus with an intact SM that served as the intact group. At 12 weeks, all animals were euthanized for radiographic and histomorphometric analyses. Results The area of the newly formed bone in the perforation group was significantly less than that in the intact group (18.7% and 25.5%, respectively, p = .028). The newly formed bone in the area close to the perforated SM was significantly less than that in the intact group (18.7% and 26.1%, respectively, p < .05). However, there was no significant difference in the total augmented area (p = .234) and the total augmented volume (p = .382) between the two groups. Conclusion SM perforation had an adverse effect on new bone formation, predominantly close to the area of membrane perforation. However, no significant difference was found in the total augmented volume between the SM perforation and the intact groups.