Hepatitis B Vaccine Non-Responders Show Higher Frequencies of CD24 high CD38 high Regulatory B Cells and Lower Levels of IL-10 Expression Compared to Responders.

Here we report significantly higher frequencies of CD24CD38 Breg in parallel with significantly lower IL-10 expression levels of CD24CD27 and CD24CD38 Breg in 2 HBvac NR compared to 2 HBvac R. Anti-HBs seroconversion accompanied by a decrease of Breg numbers after booster immunization with a third-generation hepatitis B vaccine could indicate a positive effect of third-generation hepatitis B vaccines on Breg-mediated immunomodulation in hepatitis B vaccine non-responders.