The relationship among factors of organizational justice, organizational citizenship behavior, job satisfaction, and ease of work among Japanese nurses.

Aim: This work is aimed to create a strategy to improve the nurses' working environment. Background: As the working-age population is expected to decline in Japan, the maintenance of the nurse workforce is important. In order to create a strategy to improve the nurses' working environment, we studied the relationship among factors of organizational justice (procedural, distributive, and interactional justices), organizational citizenship behavior, job satisfaction, and ease of work. Methods: A cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 969 nurses and 322 effective responses were analyzed (effective response rate 33.2%). The questionnaire contained demographic information, ease of work, and three scales for organizational justice, organizational citizenship behavior, and job satisfaction. The factor structure of the scales was studied using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the relationship among measurements. The protocol was approved by the ethical committee of the author's university. Results: The final model showed a fair fit to the data (chi(2) = 1803.15, df = 1014, p < 0.001, comparative fit index = 0.907, root mean square error of approximation = 0.049). Interactional justice showed the most significant correlation to job satisfaction (r = 0.590). Job satisfaction and ease of work also showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.696). Distributive justice had a slight negative indirect effect on job satisfaction, whereas procedural justice had no significant effect. Conclusion: In order to enhance job satisfaction/ease of work among Japanese nurses, improvement of interactional justice may be the best strategy.