Deep Learning Approaches to Earth Observation Change Detection

The interest in change detection in the field of remote sensing has increased in the last few years. Searching for changes in satellite images has many useful applications, ranging from land cover and land use analysis to anomaly detection. In particular, urban change detection provides an efficient tool to study urban spread and growth through several years of observation. At the same time, change detection is often a computationally challenging and time-consuming task; therefore, a standard approach with manual detection of the elements of interest by experts in the domain of Earth Observation needs to be replaced by innovative methods that can guarantee optimal results with unquestionable value and within reasonable time. In this paper, we present two different approaches to change detection (semantic segmentation and classification) that both exploit convolutional neural networks to address these particular needs, which can be further refined and used in post-processing workflows for a large variety of applications.