Inferring management and predicting sub-field scale C dynamics in UK grasslands using biogeochemical modelling and satellite-derived leaf area data

•Earth observation data and process modelling are combined to estimate grassland C dynamics.•The model-data fusion algorithm infers grazing and cutting from leaf area index data.•The algorithm was implemented at 3 managed grasslands in England for 2015–2018.•87.5% of harvests were identified and 83% of measured yields were simulated accurately.•The in-situ estimated and simulated grazed biomass had a r=0.8.