Effects Of Aqueous Dispersions Of C-60, C-70 And Gd@C-82 Fullerenes On Genes Involved In Oxidative Stress And Anti-Inflammatory Pathways

Background: Fullerenes and metallofullerenes can be considered promising nanopharmaceuticals themselves and as a basis for chemical modification. As reactive oxygen species homeostasis plays a vital role in cells, the study of their effect on genes involved in oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory responses are of particular importance. Methods: Human fetal lung fibroblasts were incubated with aqueous dispersions of C-60, C-70, and Gd@C82 in concentrations of 5 nM and 1.5 mu M for 1, 3, 24, and 72 h. Cell viability, intracellular ROS, NOX4, NF kappa B, PRAR-gamma, NRF2, heme oxygenase 1, and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 expression have been studied. Results & conclusion: The aqueous dispersions of C-60, C-70, and Gd@C-82 fullerenes are active participants in reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. Low and high concentrations of aqueous fullerene dispersions (AFD) have similar effects. C-70 was the most inert substance, C-60 was the most active substance. All AFDs have both "prooxidant" and "antioxidant" effects but with a different balance. Gd@C-82 was a substance with more pronounced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, while C-70 had more pronounced "prooxidant" properties.