Geometric morphometric analysis of growth patterns among facial types

•Understanding vertical facial divergence is critical to treatment optimization.•Growth in 3 vertical facial types is quantified with geometric morphometrics.•Normodivergent and hypodivergent growth are distinct from hyperdivergent growth.•Anteroposterior maxillomandibular growth is restricted in hyperdivergent patients.•Hyperdivergent growth patterns indicate a greater risk for Class II malocclusion.