Assessment of referral patterns for boys with suspected undescended testes and identification of risk factors to aid diagnosis

•Most boys with undescended testes undergo orchidopexy after the age of 12 months•The number of boys receiving timely surgery is improving•There is a high level of diagnostic inaccuracy among referring physicians•Predictive factors include prematurity, UDT at birth and scrotal asymmetry•Absence of all three factors in boys >1 year has a negative predictive value of 94%