High-resolution CT image analysis based on 3D convolutional neural network can enhance the classification performance of radiologists in classifying pulmonary non-solid nodules

•It is of great importance for radiologists to classify non-solid nodules.•Morphological and quantitative parameters were widely accessed but the result varied.•CNN showed superiority over radiologists in classifying non-solid nodules.•Combining CNN significantly enhanced the classification performance of radiologists.•CNN may serve as a vital decision support tool for radiologists to classify non-solid nodules.