Aroma Profile, Chemical Composition and Antiproliferative Activity of the Hydrodistilled Essential Oil of a Rare Salvia Species (Salvia greggii)

The present study deals with the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/ MS) analysis of the aroma profile of different aerial organs obtained by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and that of the hydro distilled essential oil of the fresh leaves and flowers of Salvia greggii A. Gray grown in Jordan. Oxygenated sesquiterpenes dominated the hydrodistilled oils of the leaves and flowers with guaiol (35.60 % and 31.92 %, respectively) and patchouli alcohol (16.30 % and 16.88 %, respectively) as the main constituents. Alpha-pinene, camphene, limonene, and gamma-terpinene were detected as the major hydrocarbon monoterpenes and 1,8-cineol, camphor, and isobornyl acetate as the major oxygenated monoterpenes. The antiproliferative activity of the leaf essential oil was screened on MCF-7 and HCT116 cell lines. The essential oil exhibited a promising dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth with low IC50's (MCF-7: 35.35 mu g/mL; HCT116: 23.57 mu g/mL) with a high safety profile against the normal Vero cell line compared to the positive control Doxorubicin.