Efficient MRI Brain Tumor Segmentation Using Multi-resolution Encoder-Decoder Networks.

In this paper, we propose an automated three dimensional (3D) deep learning approach for the segmentation of gliomas in pre-operative brain MRI scans. We introduce a state-of-the-art multi-resolution architecture based on encoder-decoder which comprise of separate branches to incorporate local high-resolution image features and wider low-resolution contextual information. We also used a unified multi-task loss function to provide end-to-end segmentation training. For the task of survival prediction, we propose a regression algorithm based on random forests to predict the survival days for the patients. Our proposed network is fully automated and designed to take input as patches that can work on input images of any arbitrary size. We trained our proposed network on the BraTS 2020 challenge dataset that consists of 369 training cases, and then validated on 125 unseen validation datasets, and tested on 166 unseen cases from the testing dataset using a blind testing approach. The quantitative and qualitative results demonstrate that our proposed network provides efficient segmentation of brain tumors. The mean Dice overlap measures for automatic brain tumor segmentation of the validation dataset against ground truth are 0.87, 0.80, and 0.66 for the whole tumor, core, and enhancing tumor, respectively. The corresponding results for the testing dataset are 0.78, 0.70, and 0.66, respectively. The accuracy measures of the proposed model for the survival prediction tasks are 0.45 and 0.505 for the validation and testing datasets, respectively.