Accelerated solvent extraction-gel permeation chromatography-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to rapid detection of clotrimazole residue in animal-derived food

In this study, accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) were used for the extraction and cleanup of clotrimazole residue in animal-derived food (pork, chicken, beef, fish, beef kidney and chicken liver), and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) was used for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Matrix-matched calibration combined with an isotope internal standard overcame the matrix effects and achieved correct recovery. The average recoveries were 75.4–109.3%, with RSD ≤7.2%. The limits of quantification were 1.0 μg/kg. The detected positive samples were further confirmed by gas chromatography-quadrupole-orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-Orbitrap HRMS), which ensured the accuracy of the results. The developed method is rapid, accurate, and sensitive and can be applied for the determination of clotrimazole residue in animal-derived food.