Preoperative Planning Modalities for Meningoencephalocele: New Proof of Concept.

OBJECTIVE:Late surgical correction of meningoencephalocele is a rare scenario that remains challenging for surgeons. Three-dimensional models can mimic the correct anatomical relationships, and technological systems have brought advances to medicine. This study aims to present a novel preoperative planning modality that combines augmented reality with a hybrid model for complex malformation associated with late correction. METHODS:The present report describes a case of frontoethmoidal encephalocele of a 10-year-old girl. Two different methods for planning the approach were developed: 1) a hybrid hands-on model and 2) augmented reality, using a cell phone app and headset display. The customized hybrid model was created based on patient's imaging. The augmented reality app was developed with a real-time interface. RESULTS:The hybrid model recreated anatomic alterations, thereby allowing a multidisciplinary team to determine an appropriate surgical approach. All aspects of the surgical procedure were simulated. A pre- to postoperative comparison was made, which emphasized benefit of tridimensional anatomical relationships using augmented reality tool and its role in preoperative planning. CONCLUSIONS:The authors believe this new multimodality preoperative platform could be a useful method to improve multidisciplinary discussion as well as a powerful tool for teaching and planning.