Dorsal striatum and the temporal expectancy of an aversive event in Pavlovian odor fear learning

•Respiratory frequency is a good index of temporal expectancy of an aversive event in odor fear learning.•Dorsal striatum inactivation modulates adaptation of the respiration temporal pattern to a new odor-shock time interval.•Dorsal striatum dopamine levels decrease when a new interval duration is presented.•Using a non-motor task allowed us to uncover a novel role for the striatum in interval timing.