Improving the identification of patients with a genetic diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care: A strategy to achieve the NHS long term plan.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS:We aimed to validate a nurse-led process using electronic health records to identify those at risk of familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) for genetic diagnosis in primary care. METHODS:Those at risk of FH were identified using searches developed and refined locally and implemented in primary care by a trained nurse; they were invited for further assessment and genetic testing if indicated. Family members at risk of FH were identified and invited for cascade testing. RESULTS:In total 94,444 patient records were screened (expected prevalence of FH (1 in 250); 377). Of 176 records which already had a diagnostic for FH, 15 had been genetically confirmed and one was undergoing DNA testing. A further 572 (0.61%) were identified as high risk of FH. After desktop screening, 113 (15%) were invited for further assessment. Of these, 73 individuals attended the primary care clinic (64%) of whom 61 (54%) underwent proband genetic testing. Pathogenic variants were detected in 22 cases (36%) and variants of unknown significance in a further 4 cases; a total of 26 probands (43%) were therefore referred for family cascade testing. CONCLUSIONS:An optimised FH identification pathway, based on the NICE CG71 recommendations for systematic searching of primary care electronic health records, can be deployed successfully in primary care settings.