Successful birth after preimplantation genetic testing for a couple with two different reciprocal translocations and review of the literature

Background Preimplantation genetic testing for chromosomal structural rearrangements (PGT-SR) is widely applied in couples with single reciprocal translocation to increase the chance for a healthy live birth. However, limited knowledge is known on the data of PGT-SR when both parents have a reciprocal translocation. Here, we for the first time present a rare instance of PGT-SR for a non-consanguineous couple in which both parents carried an independent balanced reciprocal translocation and show how relevant genetic counseling data can be generated. Methods The precise translocation breakpoints were identified by whole genome low-coverage sequencing (WGLCS) and Sanger sequencing. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) combining with breakpoint-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to define 24-chromosome and the carrier status of the euploid embryos. Results Surprisingly, 2 out of 3 day-5 blastocysts were found to be balanced for maternal reciprocal translocation while being normal for paternal translocation and thus transferable. The transferable embryo rate was significantly higher than that which would be expected theoretically. Transfer of one balanced embryo resulted in the birth of a healthy boy. Conclusion(s) Our data of PGT-SR together with a systematic review of the literature should help in providing couples carrying two different reciprocal translocations undergoing PGT-SR with more appropriate genetic counseling.