Daptomycin-induced eosinophilic pneumonia: Are there any risk factors?

OBJECTIVES:Daptomycin is a widely used antibiotic. Rhabdomyolysis related to daptomycin is one of the adverse effects of treatment, justifying the need for regular monitoring of muscle enzymes throughout treatment. Daptomycin may also lead to eosinophilic pneumonia. However, risk factors for this adverse reaction have not been identified and do not permit targeting of at-risk populations who could benefit from appropriate monitoring. PATIENTS AND METHODS:Literature was reviewed for cases of daptomycin-induced eosinophilic pneumonia (DIEP), which that were compared to cases of patients without this adverse effect. RESULTS:Fifty patients with DIEP and 54 controls were identified. Age, sex, and treatment dose are not associated with the occurrence of DIEP. A high dose of daptomycin is not associated with an early onset of DIEP. About one third of patients with eosinophilic lung disease have diabetes or renal impairment. CONCLUSIONS:Further studies may help to identify additional factors.