Method for preparing hollow ball with polymer complex structure by swelling polymerization

The invention belongs to the field of materials with a hollow structure, in particular to a method for preparing hollow spheres of minerals, metals and organic matters and hollow spheres of compound structures as well as hollow spheres with photic, electrical, magnetic and catalytic properties and hollow spheres with compound structures thereof by taking a polymer hollow sphere as a template through a swelling polymerization method. The invention prepares the compound hollow spheres by taking the polymer hollow sphere as a template and combining sol-gel, settlement reaction and redox process through the method of forcing interface or surface settlement, removes the template polymer through high sintering or selective extraction of a solvent to obtain the hollow spheres of minerals, metals and organic matters. The structure and the size of the hollow sphere can be controlled through controlling the reagent activity, the feeding mode, the reagent concentration and a circulation reaction method; besides, compounding of various matters can be realized; the hollow sphere of the invention not only has good dispersing performance, but also has excellent strength and size stability. The invention relates to the application of the materials with a hollow structure.