Probiotic-derived p8 protein induce apoptosis via regulation of RNF152 in colorectal cancer cells

Worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers and is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Accumulating evidence suggests that probiotics suppress the development of various cancers including CRC. Recently, we reported a Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR)-derived 8 kDa protein (p8) that displayed anti-cancer properties in CRC cells. However, the precise anti-cancer mechanism of p8 and its target genes has not been fully examined. In the present study, we reveal that p8 leads to apoptotic cells and cleaved PARP1 expression in a mouse xenograft model of CRC. Additionally, we identified Ring finger protein 152 (RNF152) as a putative target of p8 using RNA-sequencing. Furthermore, the expression levels of RNF152 were increased following in vivo and in vitro treatment with p8. We also found that p8 leads to the accumulation of cleaved PARP1 in CRC cells. These results suggest that p8 induces apoptosis via regulation of RNF152, thus inhibiting the development of CRC.