Lc-Esi/Hrms Analysis Of Glucosinolates, Oxylipins And Phenols In Italian Rocket Salad (Diplotaxis Erucoides Subsp. Erucoides (L.) Dc.) And Evaluation Of Its Healthy Potential

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the chemical profile and biological activity of Diplotaxis erucoides subsp. erucoides (L.) DC. (Brassicaceae) collected in Sicily (Italy).RESULTS: Liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization and high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/HRMS) analysis of the ethanol extract revealed the presence of 42 compounds - glucosinolates, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonoids, and oxylipins. The extract was tested for its antioxidant activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2 '-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid (ABTS), ferric reducing ability power (FRAP), and beta-carotene bleaching tests. Promising protection from lipid peroxidation was observed after 30 min of incubation in a beta-carotene bleaching test (IC50 of 3.32 mu g mL(-1)). The inhibition of carbohydrates-hydrolyzing enzymes resulted in IC50 values of 85.18 and 92.36 mu g mL(-1) for alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase, respectively. Significant inhibition against lipase enzyme was observed (IC50 of 61.27 mu g mL(-1)).CONCLUSION: Diplotaxis erucoides can be considered a potential source of antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic bioactives. (c) 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.