Volumetric measurements of the subcortical structures of healthy adult brains in the Turkish population

Background: The interest in the morphological development of brain structures during childhood and adolescence arises from discussions on subcortical anom- alies and sexual dimorphism, from adolescent changes in cognitive functions supported by cortical and subcortical structures to a wide range of childhood neuropsychiatric diseases. This study aims to investigate the subcortical structures regarding age/gender changes in the healthy adult human brain using web-based volBrain. Materials and methods: In this study, 303 normal healthy adults (males and females) were examined using a 1.5 T unit with a 20-channel head coil. Results: The volumes of white matter, grey matter, total brain, cerebrospinal fluid, and total intracranial volume were significantly higher in males than those in females. Our analysis revealed a significantly larger accumbens volume in fe- males. With the age of less than or equal to 50 years, older males were found to have higher total lateral ventricle, putamen, thalamus, amygdala, cerebrum, white matter and grey matter volumes than females. In the age group of 50 years and older mean total volumes of thalamus, globus pallidus and accumbens were higher in females than those in males. Right hemisphere volumes in younger and older age groups were higher except for caudate volume in the older age group; the mean of caudate was significantly higher in females than those in males. Conclusions: These conclusions might be important for the explanation of the effects of gender and age in cross-sectional structural magnetic resonance imag- ing studies. Also, knowing the volume changes of the subcortical structures can provide convenience about the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various neuromental disorders. (Folia Morphol 2022; 81, 2: 294-306)