A Contribution to Safe Railway Operation: Evaluating the Effect of Electromagnetic Disturbances on Balise-to-BTM Communication in Railway Control Signaling Systems

Electromagnetic (EM) disturbances and compatibility issues are the most common problems affecting communication and signaling systems. The duration of field testing to solve these railway EM interference (EMI) problems may vary between three and 12 months, with the cost of the complete process between €25,000 and €1.5 million [1]. Currently, the railway industry demands the building of strategies ...