Sex-based disparity in paraoxonase-2 expression in the brains of African green monkeys

The development of several neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, has been linked with decreased mitochondrial performance, leading to oxidative stress as a result of increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Previous studies have established that the mitochondrial enzyme, paraoxonase-2 (PON2), possesses potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, with its expression linked with lower ROS levels. The aim of this study was to explore the sex-based variations in the protein level of PON2 in different brain regions (striatum, hippocampus, occipital cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) of African green monkeys. Our results revealed that the PON2 expression in females was significantly higher than in males, in each of the examined brain regions. As Parkinson's disease is more prevalent in males compared with females and is characterized by oxidative stress in the nigrostriatal system, these findings add to the growing evidence for PON2 as a target for development of therapeutics to combat this disorder.