New Advances In Solution Sample Introduction Methods For Plasma Atomic Spectrometry

The new advances in solution sample introduction methods for plasma atomic spectrometry have been introduced. The methods of pneumatic nebulization, ultrasonic nebulization, thermospray, slurry nebulization, hydraulic high pressure nebulization, electrospray and related techniques are briefly described, and critically reviewed based on the experiences gained by us during recent years. Pneumatic nebulization will remain the most popular method. However, the ultrasonic nebulization, the thermospray and electrospray will gain more and more popularity, especially for inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and some hyphenated techniques.