Fetal cardiac dimensions in congenital diaphragmatic hernia: relationship with gestational age and postnatal outcomes

Objective: To serially assess fetal cardiac dimensions in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and their relation to disease severity. Study design: Retrospective analysis of CDH cases and matched controls. Mitral (MVd) and tricuspid (TVd) valve diameters, left (LV) and right (RV) ventricular length and area, Z -scores, were serially assessed at 24–26, 30–32, and 35–37 weeks gestational age (GA). Results: In CDH cases MVd, MVd Z -score, and LV area were significantly reduced at 24–26 and 35–37 weeks GA. TVd, TVd Z -score, and RV area were significantly reduced at 24–26 weeks. RV area Z -score increased with advancing GA. MVd and MVd Z -score were significantly lower at 24–26 weeks GA in CDH who had a combined outcome of death and/or ECMO. Conclusions: LV hypoplasia in CDH is characterized by reduced MVd from 24 weeks GA. MVd, and the ratio of mitral and tricuspid valve diameters at later gestations, may be potential predictors of disease severity.