Multiobjective optimization of air-cooled battery thermal management system based on heat dissipation model

Battery thermal management system (BTMS) is a key to control battery temperature and promote the development of electric vehicles. In this paper, the heat dissipation model is used to calculate the battery temperature, saving a lot of calculation time compared with the CFD method. Afterward, sensitivity analysis is carried out based on the heat dissipation model, and four structural parameters and inlet airflow rate are selected as design variables. Based on not increasing the volume of the battery pack, BTMS is optimized with the objective of reducing power consumption, maximal temperature difference, and maximal temperature. In terms of multiobjective optimization algorithms, the overall performance of the NSGA-III_DE (Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-III_Differential Evolution) algorithm is much better. Therefore, the NSGA-III_DE algorithm is used to perform multiobjective optimization on the heat dissipation model to obtain the optimal design variables. The optimization result shows that compared with the original BTMS, the optimized BTMS has a decrease of 16.7% in power consumption, 60.7% in maximal temperature difference, and 3.4 K in maximal temperature.