Titanate incorporated anodized coating on magnesium alloy for corrosion protection, antibacterial responses and osteogenic enhancement

The rapid degradation of Mg alloy was reduced by incorporating titanate on a fluorine-based anodized layer. The coating shows (i) excellent biomineralization ability, (ii) improved local and periodical corrosion behavior and (iii) enhanced expression of osteogenic factors (Runx2, Col 1, OCN and OPN) along with (iv) the antibacterial property. The fluoride and magnesium ions dissolution from the anodized layer is responsible for the better expression of osteogenic factors and antibacterial behavior. The preparation of the titanate incorporated anodized Mg alloy (Ti-AMg) is a facile solution to overcome the implant-associated bacterial infections with required biological functions including progression of bone ingrowth and biocompatibility.