Modeling crash severity by considering risk indicators of driver and roadway: A Bayesian network approach

•In this study, a set of risk indicators of road users and roadways were developed based on their prior violation and crash records.•Bayesian network was employed to explicitly explore statistical associations between crash severity and significant variables.•Results indicated that the prior crash/violation experiences of road users and roadways were very important risk indicators.•Results showed that certain variable combinations had enhanced impacts on severity outcome than single variables.