Anodization-Induced ZrOx/AlOx Stacked Films for Low-Temperature, Solution-Processed Indium Oxide Thin-Film Transistors

In this study, anodization is introduced to induce dehydroxylation and condensation of solution-processed ZrOx films as well as growth of AlOx films. The anodization-induced ZrOx/AlOx stacked films are systematically studied in structure, surface morphology, density, chemical composition, dielectric and electrical properties. X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy reveal that anodization-induced ZrOx/AlOx stacked films exhibit amorphous structure and smooth surface roughness (<1 nm). X-ray reflectivity and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal that the solution-processed ZrOx films exhibit a higher density and a lower content of hydroxyl groups after anodization, suggesting the anodization can induce dehydroxylation and condensation for the ZrOx films. The synergistic effect of collision inducing dissociation and the self-heating from anodization of Al film is proposed to explain the dehydroxylation of the ZrOx films. Dielectric and electrical measurements illustrate that the anodization-induced ZrOx/AlOx stacked films exhibit a lower leakage current, a higher breakdown voltage and a slighter capacitance dispersion on frequency comparing with that of solution-processed ZrOx films without anodization. To verify the possible applications of anodization-induced ZrOx/AlOx stacked films as the gate dielectric in metal-oxide (MO) thin-film transistors (TFTs), they were integrated in low-temperature, directly photopatternable InOx TFTs. Remarkably, with a low process temperature of 200 degrees C, the InOx TFTs based on the optimized ZrOx/AlOx dielectrics exhibit an average mobility of 8.94 cm(2) V-1 s(-1), an I-on/I-off of large than 10(5) and negligible hysteresis in transfer curves. These results demonstrate the potential application of anodization-induced solution-processed MO dielectric films for low-temperature TFTs.