Chemical diversity of essential oils from the Brazilian medicinal plant Lychnophora pinaster Mart from different environments

•Lychnophora pinaster is an important medicinal species with potential economic use.•The essential oil of Lychnophora pinaster differs between populations and regions.•The essential oil and the soil nutrients simultaneously differentiated populations.•The predominance of sesquiterpenes in essential oil diverge from previous studies.•The results suggest the occurrence of different chemotypes for Lychnophora pinaster.