Monascus vinegar-mediated alternation of gut microbiota and its correlation with lipid metabolism and inflammation in hyperlipidemic rats

•MV regulated Nrf2-Keap1, PPARα-LXRα-ABCA1 and NF-κB signals in hyerlipidemia rats.•MV exerts lipid-lowering effects through modulating gut microbiota.•The key phylotypes associating with lipid metabolism and inflammation were exhibited.•The other components in MV could synergy with acetic acid and lovastatin.