Channel and Motor Proteins for Translocation of Nucleic Acids in Nanopore Sequencing

The channel proteins used in nanopore sequencing, their modifications, and auxiliary proteins regulating the process of nucleic acid translocation are considered. In the process of nanopore sequencing, the primary structure of the test DNA or RNA is decrypted by the translocation of a nucleic acid molecule through a nanopore intercalated into the membrane. A nanopore is a protein transmembrane channel that is permeable to water, low-molecular-weight ions, and single-stranded DNA or RNA.