Simulation of Alfven eigenmodes destabilized by energetic electrons in tokamak plasmas

Alfven eigenmodes (AEs) driven by energetic electrons were investigated via hybrid simulations of an MHD fluid interacting with energetic electrons. The investigation focused on AEs with the toroidal numbern = 4. Both energetic electrons with centrally peaked beta profile and off-axis peaked profile are considered. For the centrally peaked energetic electron beta profile case, a toroidal Alfven eigenmode (TAE) propagating in the electron diamagnetic drift direction is found. The mode is mainly driven by deeply trapped energetic electrons. It is also found that a few passing energetic electrons spatially localized around rational surfaces can resonate with the mode. For the off-axis peaked energetic electron beta profile case, an AE propagating in the ion diamagnetic drift direction is found when aq-profile更多