A suggested approach to the diagnosis of urinary tract infection and empiric use of antibiotics among hospitalized older adults with acute confusion and or underlying cognitive and communication deficits

Background The true incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) among hospitalized older adults remains unknown. Aims We aim to present an approach to improve correct identification of UTI diagnosis and empiric use of antibiotics among those who are unable to provide history. Methods A comprehensive review of the literature was undertaken. Results Our suggested approach appears safe and likely to enhance diagnostic accuracy and judicious use of antibiotics among hospitalized older adults. Conclusion Our suggested approach is based on best available literature evidence but requires validation in clinical studies.