Factors Affecting the Development of Cardiovascular Events Among Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease Undergoing Hemodialysis in Sudan

Purpose: This study aimed to determine factors that affected the development of new onset cardiovascular events among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD) at the Khartoum HD centers in Sudan. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted among anemic ESRDpatients undergoing HD at Khartoum State HD centers. A total of 1015 patients undergoing HD were recruited from 12 HD centers. A standardized data collection form was used for collecting the required data. Logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: Of 1015 recruited patients, 534 (52.6%) were included in the final analysis; the 481 patients who were excluded comprised 194 (19.1%) patients who were transferred to other centers, 165 (16.3%) who died, 84 (8.3%) who were lost during follow-up, and 38 (3.7%) who underwent renal transplantation. The significant factors that affected the development of new cardiovascular events in 154 (28.8%) anemic ESRD patients were advanced age [for patients aged 45-64 years: odds ratio (OR), 1.94; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.18-3.18; p=0.009 and for patients aged >= 65 years: OR, 10.88; 95% CI, 6.12-19.33; p<0.001] and obstructive uropathy (OR, 2.33; 95%, 1.34-4.03; p=0.003). Conclusion: Advanced age and obstructive uropathy were important factors that significantly affected the development of cardiovascular events in patients. The detection and control of risk factors for cardiovascular events in patients with ESRD are important for the prevention or control of cardiovascular events.