Effect of two dietary oils from : Ricinodendron heutelotii (Bail.) and Tetracarpidium Conophorum mull. nuts on some biochemical blood parameters of rats

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two dietary vegetable oils on the growth, blood lipids, lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in male rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats (age : I month, n = 18) were fed with a standard diet (AS group); a diet containing Tetracarpidium conophorum oil (TCO group) or Ricinodendron heudelotii oil (RHO group). After 60 days of feeding with different diets, serum were collected and used for total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, glycerol, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubine determinations. Plasma were used for selenium and malondialdehyde determinations. Plasma fatty acids were determined by using Gaz Liquid Chromatography. Glutathione peroxydase and superoxide dismurase were also measured in red blood cells using appropriated kits. AS group presents the highest value of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and alanine aminotransferase compared to the RHO and TCO groups. The AS group has the lowest glutathione peroxydase activity. The TCO and RHO groups present the lowest atherogenicity index. HDL-cholesterol, creatinine, alaninine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubine, malondialdehyde and selenium levels were not significantly differents (p < 0.05) for rats fed with RHO and TCO diets. The atherogenicity index is higher for AS group than RHO and TCO groups, then it could be concluded that oils experimented decrease the risk factor of cardiovascular disease to 5.90 % for RHO and 22.72 % for TCO groups. Tetracarpidium conophorum oil can acts by reducing the cholesterol level, arachidonic acid proportion and consequently the risk of atherogenicy and inflammatory.