The effect of VNS on the rehabilitation of stroke: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies

•We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the influence of VNS on the rehabilitation of stroke.•In comparison with control intervention in stroke, VNS can substantially increase Motor Function Test (SMD = 0.33; 95% CI = 0.04 to 0.62; P = 0.03; Fig. 3), but shows no obvious impact on Box and Block Test (SMD = −0.31; 95% CI = −3.48 to 2.86; P = 0.85; Fig. 4), Nine-Hole Peg Test (SMD = 8.35; 95% CI = −40.59 to 57.28; P = 0.74; Fig. 5), atrial fibrillation (RR = 3.46; 95% CI = 0.39 to 30.57; P = 0.26; Fig. 6) or adverse events (RR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.21 to 1.61; P = 0.30; Fig. 7).•Our meta-analysis suggests that VNS supplementation can substantially improve FMA-UE and Motor Function Test for patients with stroke, but shows no effect on Box and Block Test or Nine-Hole Peg Test.•VNS may provide some benefits for the rehabilitation of stroke.