Sensory Experience Modulates Atrx-mediated Neuronal Integrity in the Mouse Retina

•Atrx inactivation in the retina induces functional defects and amacrine cell death.•Timing of amacrine cell loss in Atrx-null retinas coincides with sensory input.•Light deprivation by dark rearing limits the extent of retinal dysfunction.•Blockage of light signaling through the ON pathway reduced amacrine cell loss.•Atrx exhibits activity-dependent functions in post-mitotic neurons in vivo.