Characteristics Of Overnight Blood Glucose Levels Are Related To Sleep Quality In People With Type 1 Diabetes

Nineteen people with T1D (10 male, 9 female. Age: 31 +/- 9 yrs, A1c: 6.6 +/- 0.8 and duration of diabetes: 19 +/- 11 years) had their sleep monitored with an EEG-based device (Zmachine Insight+) for a total of 154 nights. Their blood glucose levels (BGL) were measured with a CGM. From the CGM data, the participant’s average BGL, standard deviation of BGL, coefficient of variation of BGL, Percent Time in Range (70-180 mg/dL), Percent Time Above Range (>180 mg/dL), and Percent Time Below Range (<70 mg/dL) was calculated for each overnight period. A t-Test was used to determine if there was a difference between characteristics in the participants’ overnight BGL based on different sleep quality metrics. Participants who had sleep efficiency scores > 85% had less variable overnight BGL determined by the standard deviation and coefficient of variation of CGM (p = 0.0013 and 0.017). Participants who had higher average overnight BGL and more fluctuations, as determined by standard deviation and coefficient of variation, in their BGL (p = 0.017, 0.000004, and 0.0004) spent more time awake overnight. Those who have lower average overnight BGL spent more time in Deep and REM sleep stages (p = 0.044 and 0.0043). From these findings, we can conclude that overnight BGL has a significant impact on sleep quality in people with T1D. Based on previous research, this reduction in sleep quality may negatively impact daytime control. Disclosure R. Brandt: None. M. Park: None. L.T. Quinn: None. M. Chu: None. Y. Song: None. B.M. Burton-Freeman: None. A. Cinar: Research Support; Self; Dexcom, Inc., JDRF. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Dexcom, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Insulet Corporation, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk A/S, Tandem Diabetes Care. Funding JDRF (A18-0036-001)